La diateza activa, subiectul face actiunea ("The chef cooks the meal").
La diateza pasiva, subiectul primeste actiunea ("The meal is cooked by the chef").
Se foloseste des cand nu stim cine a facut actiunea, cand nu conteaza cine a facut-o, sau cand rezultatul e mai important decat actorul.
Structura de baza: to be (la timpul potrivit) + participiul trecut al verbului principal. Exemplu: "is written", "was written", "will be written".
Pasivul la diferite timpuri
Engleza
Romana
The letter is written.
Scrisoarea este scrisa.
The letter was written.
Scrisoarea a fost scrisa.
The letter will be written.
Scrisoarea va fi scrisa.
The letter has been written.
Scrisoarea a fost scrisa (pana acum).
The letter is being written.
Scrisoarea este scrisa (chiar acum).
Activ vs. Pasiv
Propozitie
Explicatie
The chef cooks the meal.
Activ: subiectul face actiunea.
The meal is cooked by the chef.
Pasiv: subiectul primeste actiunea.
Someone stole my bike.
Activ: cine a facut actiunea e important.
My bike was stolen.
Pasiv: cine a facut actiunea nu e important sau nu se stie.
💡Sfat: Cand vreti sa mentionati cine a facut actiunea la pasiv, folositi "by": "The meal was cooked by the chef." Insa de cele mai multe ori, "by" se omite pentru ca actorul nu e important.
Exemple
English is spoken all over the world.Engleza este vorbita in toata lumea.
This house was built in 1990.Aceasta casa a fost construita in 1990.
The report will be finished by Friday.Raportul va fi terminat pana vineri.
My phone was stolen yesterday.Telefonul meu a fost furat ieri.
Dinner is being prepared right now.Cina este pregatita chiar acum.
✏️ Exercitii
1Active: "They clean the office every day." Pasiv: "The office ____is cleaned every day."
2Active: "Someone broke the window." Pasiv: "The window ____was broken."
3Active: "They will finish the project." Pasiv: "The project ____will be finished."
4Complete: "This song ____was written(write) by a famous artist."
5Complete: "The bridge ____is being built(build) right now."
🧠 Mini-test: Diateza pasiva (5 intrebari)
1Cum transformati in pasiv "They deliver the packages"?
2Cum spuneti la pasiv, la trecut, "Cineva a furat masina"?
3Care propozitie e la pasiv?
4Cum se spune la pasiv "The company will launch the product"?
5De ce se foloseste pasivul in "My wallet was stolen"?
